The global race for critical minerals has reached the deep ocean floor. A consortium led by the University of Tokyo, focused on the development of Rare Earth Yttrium-rich Mud and Manganese Nodules, recently unveiled its strategic roadmap. The most significant milestone is set for 2026, when the team plans to conduct advanced lifting tests using a 200-meter class air-lift system. More importantly, they will initiate the practical refining validation of Manganese Nodules harvested from the Minamitorishima Exclusive Economic Zone.
Japan’s journey began in 2011 with the discovery of rare earth-rich mud in deep-sea sediments. By 2021, high-concentration deposits exceeding 7000 parts per million were confirmed within the Minamitorishima seabed. Unlike terrestrial deposits, this deep-sea resource contains almost no radioactive elements such as Thorium, making it a cleaner alternative for the green energy transition.
Currently, the global rare earth market is heavily dependent on specific land-based suppliers. However, the Minamitorishima Exclusive Economic Zone holds staggering potential. Just 1 percent of this sea area contains enough reserves to rank third globally. With the semiconductor and electric vehicle industries demanding more Neodymium and Dysprosium, this project is not just a scientific feat but a pillar of Japan’s economic security. External feasibility studies confirm that the commercial potential is robust, paving the way for a new era of resource independence.
